Description
TH-302 is a hypoxia-activated prodrug and DNA alkylating agent with anticancer activity. It is selectively cytotoxic to H460 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells grown under hypoxic over normoxic conditions (IC
50s = 0.019 and 5.1 μM, respectively). Under hypoxic conditions, TH-302 undergoes a one-electron reduction to form an active radical intermediate that is then further reduced to form a DNA-intercalating hydroxylamine. Under normoxic conditions, the radical intermediate is quenched and induces reformation of the inactive nitroazole prodrug. TH-302 reduces survival of H460 and HT-29 cells in a clonogenic assay (IC
50s = 0.2 and 0.2 μM, respectively).
In vivo, TH-302 (33 mg/kg per day) inhibits primary tumor growth by 41% in an MIA PaCa-2-RFP mouse orthotopic xenograft model. It inhibits tumor growth by greater than 40% in Calu-6 NSCLC, H82 small cell lung, A375 melanoma, PC-3 prostate, and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer mouse xenograft models when administered at 50 mg/kg.
References
[1] JIAN-XIN DUAN*. Potent and Highly Selective Hypoxia-Activated Achiral Phosphoramidate Mustards as Anticancer Drugs[J]. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2008, 51 8: 2412-2420. DOI:
10.1021/jm701028q[2] JESSICA D SUN. Selective tumor hypoxia targeting by hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-302 inhibits tumor growth in preclinical models of cancer.[J]. Clinical Cancer Research, 2012, 18 3: 758-770. DOI:
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-1980
