Chemical Properties
Sodium butyrate is a white crystalline solid with an unpleasant smell that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester. It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expre.
Uses
Sodium butyrate has been used:
as a component in homogenization and immunoprecipitation buffer for HDAC inhibition in fly embryos and insect s2 cells.
as histone deacetylase inhibitor in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, analysed by cell viability assay and viral replication assay.
to enhance the production of recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in a bioreactor.
Uses
Sodium Butyrate is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase activity (HDAC) resulting in improvement of physiological disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystropy. In addition it is a possible antitumor agent when used in conjunction with other cytotoxic agents as they have been shown to treat carcinomas.
Definition
ChEBI: Sodium butyrate is an organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of butyric acid by a sodium ion. It has a role as an EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor and a geroprotector. It contains a butyrate.
benefits
Sodium butyrate, a butyrate, is used in supplements. The benefits of butyrate begin in the gut and extend to a host of other important body systems. It could fuel the gut lining, support healthy gut permeability. promote a healthy inflammation response in the gut, may fight colonic diseases and cancers, promote healthy blood sugar levels, supports normal proliferation of healthy yeast levels, promote cell differentiation, regulate the immune system , combat brain fog and improve sleep, and supports healthy blood pressure levels.
Biological Activity
Histone deacetylase inhibitor. Restores contextual memory in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Shown to induce pancreatic progenitor formation. Directs the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into hepatocytes when used in combination with the cytokine Activin A.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Sodium butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) in the millimolar range. Decreases Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Induces apoptosis in several cell lines. Sodium butyrate induces the production of recombinant protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and other human cell lines. Sodium butyrate affects the proteome and gene expression pathways in the cells. It represses cell cycle related genes and modifies the genes involved in cell metabolism and apoptosis.
Synthesis
The general procedure for the synthesis of sodium butyrate from butyric anhydride was as follows: the composition of Example 1b (25 mg, 0.16 mmol) was transferred from an Eppendorf tube to a sample cup and the sample cup was placed in a DNP polarizer. The composition was hyperpolarized using microwave (93.915 GHz) irradiation under a 3.35 T magnetic field and 1.2 K DNP for 75 minutes. Subsequently, the hyperpolarized sample was dissolved in 4 mL of water and NaOH (50 μL, 12 M solution) was added to adjust the pH of the dissolved sample to 12. The solution was transferred directly into a 10 mm NMR tube and placed in a 14.1 T magnetic field, and the time series of 1D 13C-NMR spectra at 5°C were recorded with a total delay of 1 s between pulses.After 10 s, butyric anhydride was quantitatively hydrolyzed (hydrolysis rate up to 95%). The butyric anhydride was well polarized and easily hydrolyzed to produce sodium butyrate.
Purification Methods
Sodium butyrate [156-54-7] M 110.1. Prepare it by neutralising the acid with Na2CO3, and recrystallising it from EtOH. [Beilstein 2 IV 779.]
References
[1] Patent: US9694090, 2017, B2. Location in patent: Page/Page column 26; 27
