The basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors play roles in a variety of developmental and adult biological settings. The basic domain of bHLH transcription factors allows association with DNA, while the HLH domain facilitates the mono- and heterodimeric interactions required for efficient DNA binding. TAL1, also known as SCL, is a bHLH transcription factor that plays an essential role in the generation of embryonic hematopoietic stem cells, and is required for maturation of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages in the adult. TAL1 interacts with Lim-domain containing proteins LMO2 and Ldb1, and has been found in complexes with these proteins as well as the hematopoietic transcription factor GATA-1. Both TAL1 and LMO2 have been associated with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. TAL1 activity is essential for both hematopoiesis and neurogenesis.
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