| Name | 3-Hydroxybutyric acid |
| Description | Butanoic acid is an endogenous human metabolite, an endogenous histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. The IC50 of HDAC3, HDAC4 and HDAC1 were 2.4 mM, 4.5 mM and 5.3 mM, respectively. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid has the effects of energy metabolism, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory, and improvement of insulin resistance. |
| In vitro | METHODS: After HEK293 cells were treated with 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (10 mM) for 24 hours, the acetylation levels of histone H3K9 on the _Foxo3a_ and _Mt2_ promoters were detected.
RESULTS: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid increases the acetylation of histone H3K9 in HEK293 cells on the _Foxo3a_ and _Mt2_ promoters. [1]
METHODS: Mouse glial cells were treated with 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (10 mM) for 48 hours, and the cell proliferation was detected by the MTT assay.
RESULTS: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid significantly promotes cell proliferation. [2]
METHODS: Human monocytes were treated with 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (1-20 mM) for 24 hours, and the protein levels were detected by Western Blot.
RESULTS: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid dose-dependently inhibits the production of IL-1β and IL-18 mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome. [3] |
| In vivo | METHODS: To study the neuroprotective effect of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid, 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (2 mM or 5 mM) was injected intraventricular into C57BL/6 mice.
RESULTS: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid reduces the binding of HDAC2 and HDAC3 to the pI promoter of _Bdnf_. [4]
METHODS: To study the neuroprotective effect of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid, 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (5.0 mmol/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into neonatal mice after hypoxia-ischemia treatment.
RESULTS: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid reduces the number of Tunel-positive cells in brain regions, reduces cerebral infarction, and thereby alleviates brain injury. [5] |
| Storage | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature. |
| Solubility Information | H2O : 200 mg/mL (1921.23 mM), Sonication is recommended.
DMSO : 262.5 mg/mL (2521.61 mM), Sonication is recommended.
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| Keywords | β-Hydroxybutyric acid | type | metabolite | membrane | lipids | Inhibitor | inhibit | Human Endogenous Metabolite | EndogenousMetabolite | Endogenous Metabolite | diabetes | 3-Hydroxybutyric acid | 3Hydroxybutyric acid | 3 Hydroxybutyric acid |
| Inhibitors Related | Sucrose | Aceglutamide | Nicotinamide riboside malate | DL-Lysine | D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate | Guanidine hydrochloride | Malic acid | Formamide | Glycerol | Thymidine | Corn starch | Gluconate Calcium |
| Related Compound Libraries | Fatty Acids Natural Product Library | Bioactive Compound Library | Anti-Diabetic Compound Library | ReFRAME Related Library | Natural Product Library | Tobacco Monomer Library | NO PAINS Compound Library | Natural Product Library for HTS | Human Endogenous Metabolite Library | Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library | Bioactive Compounds Library Max | Gut Microbial Metabolite Library |
United States
