Choline Chloride
CAS No: 67-48-1
Molecular Formula: C₅H₁₄ClNO
Molecular Weight: 139.62 g/mol
1. Product Description
Choline Chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt and a major source of the essential nutrient choline. It is available as a white hygroscopic crystalline solid or as a concentrated aqueous solution. It is highly soluble in water and alcohol. It is widely used in animal feed premixes, food fortification, and pharmaceutical/nutraceutical formulations.
2. Specifications – Food / Pharmaceutical Grade (USP / FCC)
| Item | Specification / Typical Value | Notes |
|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline powder | Visual |
| Identification | Positive for choline and chloride | USP / FCC |
| Assay (C₅H₁₄ClNO) | 98.0 – 102.0 % (anhydrous basis) | Titration / HPLC |
| Loss on Drying (105 °C) | ≤ 1.0 % | USP |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤ 0.1 % | USP |
| pH (10 % solution) | 5.0 – 7.0 | 25 °C |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | USP <231> |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | ICP |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 1 ppm | ICP |
| Cadmium (Cd) | ≤ 1 ppm | ICP |
| Mercury (Hg) | ≤ 1 ppm | ICP |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water and alcohol | FCC |
| Microbiological Limits | Total plate count ≤ 10³ cfu/g; Yeast & Mold ≤ 10² cfu/g; Pathogens negative | ISO / USP |
3. Specifications – Feed / Industrial Grade
| Item | Specification / Typical Value |
|---|
| Appearance | White to light yellow crystalline powder or aqueous solution |
| Assay (C₅H₁₄ClNO) | ≥ 50 %, 60 %, 70 %, or 75 % (solution) or ≥ 96 % (powder) |
| Moisture | ≤ 4.0 % (powder) |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤ 0.2 % |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 20 ppm |
Typical Forms:
Powder (96 % min): Carrier-based, free-flowing, dust-reduced
Liquid (50–75 %): Concentrated aqueous solution
Typical Applications:
Poultry, swine, and ruminant feed additive (essential for fat metabolism, growth)
Industrial osmolyte and biochemical reagent
4. Typical Applications
Nutraceuticals: Cognitive health, liver health, prenatal supplements
Food & Beverage: Fortified infant formula, functional foods
Pharmaceuticals: Choline source for clinical nutrition and IV solutions
Animal Nutrition: Prevents fatty liver, perosis, and improves growth performance
5. Physical & Chemical Properties
Appearance: White, hygroscopic crystals (powder) or colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid(solution)
Taste: Mildly saline
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, ethanol, and glycerol
Stability: Hygroscopic, readily absorbs moisture from air
6. Storage & Handling
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
Keep container tightly closed to prevent caking and moisture absorption
Avoid prolonged exposure to heat and air
Follow GMP / HACCP for food and pharma applications
7. Packaging
Food / Pharma Grade: 25 kg fiber drum or multi-layer paper bags with polyethylene liner
Feed Grade: 25 kg bags or 500–1000 kg jumbo bags (powder), IBC tanks or drums (liquid)
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