| Name | Galegine hydrochloride |
| Description | Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative derived from G. officinalis, plays a role in inducing weight loss in mice and has contributed to the development of biguanides, including metformin and phenformin. This compound stimulates AMPK activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, L6 myotubes, H4IIE rat hepatoma, and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Additionally, galegine hydrochloride exhibits antibacterial properties, particularly demonstrating a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains[1][2]. |
| In vitro | Pre-treatment with Galegine hydrochloride (10 μM-3 mM; 5 h) enhances insulin-independent glucose absorption in 3T3-L1 adipocytes concentration-dependently, without impacting cell health. Similarly, incubation (1 μM-1 mM, 5 h) boosts glucose intake in L6 myotubes without affecting viability[1]. Galegine hydrochloride (0.3-300 μM; 24 hours) slightly decreases basal glycerol release and significantly reduces isoprenaline-induced glycerol release in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In H4IIE rat hepatoma cells, Galegine hydrochloride (10 or 300 μM) up to 6 hours progressively activates AMPK, reaching peak activation at 360 min and maintaining twofold activation at 24 hours with 300 μM, showing a stronger effect at 300 μM than at 10 μM. A one-hour incubation triggers concentration-dependent AMPK activation in both 3T3L-1 adipocytes and L-6 myotubes, as well as in a human kidney cell line (HEK293)[1]. |
| In vivo | Galegine hydrochloride (63 mg/kg; feed; daily for 11 days) significantly reduces body weight[1]. |
| Storage | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature. |
| Solubility Information | DMSO : 5.2 mg/mL (31.78 mM), Sonication is recommended.
H2O : 43.33 mg/mL (264.77 mM), Sonication is recommended.
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| Keywords | Galegine hydrochloride |
| Inhibitors Related | Neomycin sulfate | Levulinic acid | D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate | Sulfamethoxazole sodium | Terbinafine hydrochloride | Doxycycline | Hyaluronic acid sodium (MW 20 kDa) | Dimethyl sulfoxide | Sodium diacetate | Sodium bicarbonate | Chitosan oligosaccharide | BES |
United States
