What is the connection between 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and salicylic acid?

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA, also known as gentisic acid) is an oxidative metabolite of salicylic acid (SAL) at high doses. Salicylic acid is primarily utilised in the form of acetylsalicylic acid or aspirin; consequently, it may also be regarded as an aspirin metabolite. Furthermore, 2,5-DHBA is closely associated with the nephrotoxicity of SAL, with its effects intensifying as the SAL dosage increases^[1].
[1] TIMOTHY F. MCMAHON . Comparative acute nephrotoxicity of salicylic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in young and middle aged Fischer 344 rats[J]. Toxicology, 1991, 66 3: Pages 297-311. DOI:10.1016/0300-483X(91)90201-B.

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