What is the mechanism of action of progesterone? What are its side effects?

Progesterone has crucial functions in preparing the uterus for a pregnancy as well as in maintaining pregnancy. More specifically, progesterone prepares the endometrium for implantation. Moreover, progesterone functions as vasodilator (Rylance et al., 1985, Ngene and Moodley, 2019), thus contributing to reducing blood pressure during pregnancy. The side effects of progesterone injection are mainly related to local irritation caused by injection. Suppositories are messy and sometimes give vaginal irritation, itching, burning, or yeast infection. The oral progesterone is well tolerated with side-effects in some women of dizziness or sleepiness.

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